Energy storage device for wind energy conversion

Common types of ESSs for renewable energy sources include electrochemical energy storage (batteries, fuel cells for hydrogen storage, and flow batteries), mechanical energy storage (including pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES), gravity energy storage (GES), compressed air energy storage (CAES), and flywheel energy storage), electrical energy storage (such as supercapacitor energy storage (SES), superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), and thermal energy storage (TES)), and hybrid or multi-storage systems that combine two or more technologies, such as integrating batteries with pumped hydroelectric storage or using supercapacitors and thermal energy storage. [pdf]