Can solar power diversify the energy mix in Costa Rica?

While hydroelectric power dominates the energy mix at approximately 80% of electricity production, solar energy, though currently a smaller contributor, holds significant potential to diversify and stabilize the grid. This paper investigates Costa Rica’s renewable energy journey, emphasizing solar power’s evolving role.

Can solar power improve Costa Rica's energy security?

Solar energy, though currently a minor player, offers untapped potential to enhance Costa Rica’s energy security. The country’s tropical climate ensures consistent sunlight, making solar PV systems ideal for both utility-scale and distributed generation.

Is solar energy a viable alternative to Hydro-heavy grids in Costa Rica?

Solar energy, while underexplored in Costa Rica compared to hydro and geothermal, has gained attention in recent literature. Smith and Paladino (2021) argue that solar photovoltaic (PV) systems offer a decentralized solution to complement hydro-heavy grids, reducing vulnerability to seasonal fluctuations.

Is solar a viable energy source in Costa Rica?

Critically, the literature reveals gaps in solar-specific research for Costa Rica. While hydroelectric and geothermal energy dominate academic focus, solar remains underrepresented, despite its potential to address energy security and grid stability.

Is Costa Rica a leader in solar energy in Central America?

Research by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA, 2020) identifies Costa Rica as a potential leader in solar energy within Central America, given its high solar potential averaging 4.5-5.5 kWh/m²/day, yet notes that policy incentives lag behind those for other renewables.

Does Costa Rica need a hydroelectric power system?

Hydroelectric power has long been the backbone of Costa Rica’s energy system, accounting for a substantial portion of electricity generation. However, over-reliance on hydro during dry seasons has occasionally necessitated imports of electricity or limited fossil fuel use, highlighting the need for diversification.